The Tsunami in Samoa and Tonga was not only horrific and brought sad memories to Australian who visited Samoa and Tonga but it created interest for media, and reminded people of Samoa, Tonga and the Pacific Islands to reflect on what mother nature will cause in the Pacific. It is also have done me honour in analising the justice in rebuilding and to bring peace, hope and wisdom that will be expressed and shared by Pacific leaders, the people of Samoa, Tonga and the Pacific Nations. The question of PARTNERSHIP IN AID, FUNDING, IN COMMUNITY RE-BUILDING, DEVELOPMENT, SERVICES AND MISSION.
In Samoa, preparations are being made for a mass burial for some of the victims of the tsunami. Relief teams are still combing more remote areas looking for the
missing, with reports that some villagers are too afraid of another
tsunami to return to coastal areas. The scattered population has made the rescue work harder. "The locations of the people are changing every day, it's different
to what there was here yesterday, so yeah challenges to come," People of Samoa are praying that the tsunami will not come back so soon. With natural disasters such as those that have hit the region
predicted to only increase in coming years, relief agencies say the
scale of this series of tragedies brings home the urgent need to focus
on disaster preparedness and resilience, and not just on the response
after the event.
The 2009 was a decade for reflecting on Mother Nature, that cannot be control. The one big word that come to our mind is the magic word *Rebuilding and Community Development.* or themes related to it. But man or a society cannot develop in isolation, but to united to get ahead. There are factors that either induce or constrain development. Serious questions have to be asked and answers sought for them. Forces that impede development, motivation, scope and direction of development and programs to enhance the realisation of the society's fullest potential are amongst the issues that need to be considered carefully. All these issues were thrashed out by the Media, the leaders, the people of the Pacific who are concern with issues facing the Pacific Nations. So much so that the philosophy which was embodied in the term INTEGRAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT. It simply mend that for the Pacific Nations leaders and people, development can only be development if it is INTEGRAL, TOTAL ENCOMPASSING THE WHOLE SPECTRUM, SPHERE of human life and human activity.
However we live in a world where we cannot do without the rest. We cannot control Mother Nature. Some Pacific Islands have opted to sever all ties with their former colonial masters and turn only to New Zealand, Australia and sometimes America. We have to mould, fashion and humanise our relationships with this countries (our saviour) so that they are conducive to the development of our people in time of need like the tsunami that occurred on the 2/10/1009.
It was in Samoa that hardest hit and in Tonga. Australia, New Zealand the two donor countries were at our door step doing exactly what they always doing in time of grief, disasters and need. There was a genuine plea by the Samoan and Tongan Government for help declaring these two islands SOS.
Now, we can say with the two great donors Australia and New Zealand, they are our closest partners in our mutual and shared concern for mission, in the sharing of their resources and in integral human development.
I now have great pleasure in recommending this booklet to whom it may concern to explore avenues to support our Pacific Nations in the Pacific and to our PACIFIC ISLANDERS AUSTRALIAN in Australia.
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THE PISSAM'S WISHES, DREAMS AND WHAT TO ACHIEVE IN THE NEXT FIVE YEARS IN EDUCATION:PISSAM FULLY SUPPORTED THE WISHES & DREAMS OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS STUDENTS AND ALL STUDENTS OF ST JOACHIM CATHOLIC PRIMARY SCHOOL LIDCOME IN ADDRESSING THEIR WISHES & DREAMS IN THEIR OWN WRITING AS SYMBOLS & EVIDENCE OF THEIR INNER THOUGTS TO CONTRIBUTE TO MAKE A DIFFERENCES TO THEM AND TO THE COMMUNITY. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sources: Australian Government
Australian Aid to the Pacific Nation
Development achievements and prospects in the Pacific
region are mixed. No Pacific island country will meet all the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), although some countries are progressing well against particular indicators.
Many countries have continued to experience volatile and low economic
growth. Those countries which have implemented key reforms have
achieved stronger growth and development outcomes.
During
2008 and 2009, Pacific island country economies were challenged first
by a sudden rise in food and fuel prices, and then by the global
recession. The global recession has reduced growth in all Pacific
island countries, through falling demand for exports, falling
remittance flows, a reduction in tourism in some countries and falling
values in national Trust Accounts. The global recession is likely to
slow progress towards the MDGs in the Pacific and increase poverty
amongst vulnerable households.
In March 2009, Prime
Minister Rudd and New Zealand Prime Minister Key announced that a joint
Australia/New Zealand report on the impact of the global recession on
the Pacific would be prepared in advance of the 2009 Pacific Islands
Forum meeting in Cairns. This report will be available in August, along
with the 2009 Tracking Development and Governance in the Pacific report.
Australia
is working closely with other key donor partners in the Pacific - in
particular New Zealand, the Asian Development Bank, the Pacific
Financial Technical Assistance Centre and the World Bank Group - to
ensure timely and accurate information is available on the
country-specific impacts of the recession, to make available consistent
and high quality technical advice on appropriate policy responses in
individual countries and to prepare tailored financial assistance where
required.
Australia has an abiding interest in helping
Pacific nations secure a better future for themselves and for the
region as a whole. The Australian Government is strongly committed to
help improve countries' economic prospects and to raise living
standards for people throughout the region.
The Port Moresby Declaration and the Pacific Partnerships for Development
provide a new framework through which Australia and the Pacific island
nations can jointly commit to achieve shared development goals on the
basis of partnership, mutual respect and mutual responsibility.
The
Australian Government's pledge to increase Official Development
Assistance (ODA) from 0.3 to 0.5 per cent of Gross National Income
(GNI) by 2015 will provide for additional resources for Pacific island
countries under this new framework.
In 2009-10, Australia's official development assistance to PNG and the Pacific region is estimated at $1.09 billion.
See also
Cook Islands
Country program estimate 2009-10: $1.7 million
New Budget Measure - Fisheries Initiative: $0.5 million
Total ODA: $3.6 million (incl $0.5 million New Budget Measure)
Tracking Development and Governance in the Pacific: 2009 report
Overview
The Cook Islands resident population of 13,000 is spread over 15
islands and atolls with a total land area of 240 square kilometres.
Over 1400 kilometres separate the most distant islands of the country
and just over half of the population lives on the island of Rarotonga
in the southern group. Rarotonga is the seat of government and the
centre of commerce and tourism.
Cook Islands is a self-governing country in 'free association' with
New Zealand. Its relatively high income per person reflects the impact
of expatriate residents and the tourist-based economy of Rarotonga. It
masks the subsistence lifestyle of the outer islands' population. Cook
Islanders hold New Zealand citizenship and enjoy the right of free
access to New Zealand.
The 2009 Tracking Report provides a consolidated source of social and economic statistics for the Cook Islands.
Development Challenges
Similar to other Pacific island countries, Cook Islands has limited
natural resources and a shortage of skilled labour. Isolation and a
dependence on government-generated economic activity and employment
provide further constraints on development. The Cook Islands are
particularly vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones. The
outer islands are affected by limited access to basic services such as
health, education, transport and potable water.
Australia's Bilateral Development Assistance Program
In 2009-10 Australia will provide bilateral assistance of $1.7
million to the Cook Islands. The program is delivered by NZAID through
a delegated cooperation program, with a focus on improving services to
the outer islands. Assistance will target: economic growth,
infrastructure; service delivery; and governance. The Cook Islands is
also eligible for funding under Australia's regional development
assistance programs.
Main Programs
Australia provides an annual contribution of funds to the New
Zealand Agency for International Development (through NZMFAT) for their
implementation and management of Australia's development assistance
program to the Cook Islands.
The harmonised program is guided by the Cook Islands-New
Zealand-Australia Joint Country Strategy 2008-2017 which supports Cook
Islands National Sustainable Development Plan (2007-2010).
- New Budget Measure - Performance-linked Fisheries Initiative
In 2009-10 Australia will provide $0.5million to assist the Cook
Islands Government to improve governance and management of its
fisheries. This support is provided through the Cook Islands
performance-linked Fisheries Initiative.
- Continuing Australian scholarship
While the majority of Australia's aid allocation to the Cook Islands
is managed by NZMFAT, one education scholarship remains under AusAID's
management until December 2009. Scholarships continue to be provided by
NZMFAT.
Useful websites
July 2009
Fiji
Fiji is an island group in the Pacific Ocean, consisting of 322
islands and coral atolls, of which around 100 are inhabited. Around 90
per cent of Fiji's 837,271 people live on the two main islands of Viti
Levu and Vanua Levu. Indigenous Fijians, with a mixture of Melanesian
and Polynesian ancestry, account for the majority of the population.
Indo-Fijians comprise a substantial minority group.
Challenges
Fiji faces an uncertain future after the military takeover of the
elected civilian government in December 2006. This was the fourth coup
in Fiji in 20 years. Each coup has resulted in long lasting political
and social upheaval, and has eroded the capacity and independence of
key institutions. Since the 2006 coup there have been significant
reverses in accountability, human rights, and the rule of law. On 27
January 2009, Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Leaders met to consider
whether Fiji had met its obligations to make credible progress toward
holding elections in 2009. Forum Leaders announced that the Interim
Government had until 1 May 2009 to begin serious preparations for
elections by the end of 2009. These steps were not taken and Fiji was
suspended from the meetings and events of the Forum from 2 May. As of 1
September 2009, Fiji has also been fully suspended from the
Commonwealth as a direct result of the regime’s refusal to meet the
reasonable deadlines and conditions set out by the Commonwealth
Ministerial Action Group (CMAG). Media release: Fiji's full suspension from the Commonwealth.
The Australian Government strongly condemns both the most recent
abrogation of Fiji's Constitution on 10 April 2009 and the military's
unconstitutional removal of Fiji's elected government in 2006. Public
Emergency Regulations now prohibit public assembly, restrict media
freedom, and confer extensive power to the military and police. On 1
July 2009, Commodore Bainimarama announced a 'road map' for Fiji. The
roadmap states that elections will not take place until 2014 and work
will not begin on a new constitution until September 2012.
The Asian Development Bank estimates that Fiji's economy grew by
just 0.2 per cent in 2008, and forecasts that it will contract by 0.5
per cent in 2009 (Asian Development Bank, Pacific Monitor, May 2009),
as key revenue sources such as tourism, remittances and sugar continue
to decline. The 2006 coup greatly reduced investor and business
confidence. Fiji is experiencing deteriorating physical infrastructure,
growing squatter settlements, unproductive farms, and rising
unemployment. Although access to health and education is reasonably
good by Pacific standards, the quality of services is poor, especially
in rural areas. Already about one third of people in Fiji live below
the poverty line, with rural indo-Fijians and women particularly
vulnerable. Fiji is showing signs of decline against some of the
Millennium Development Goals, particularly those related to health.
Australia's response and aid priorities
Country program estimate 2009-10: $18 million
Total ODA for 2009-10 (estimated): $35.4
Australia's aid continues to adhere to our original response to the
2006 coup: we will support the ordinary people of Fiji by maintaining
programs to improve economic opportunity, but suspend assistance where
the actions of the Regime render our programs ineffective or
compromised.
The Australian aid program focuses on mitigating the economic and
social hardship resulting from Fiji's political instability and the
global recession. Consistent with Australia's broader response to the
global recession, Australia supports programs that generate employment
and economic development, support delivery of essential services, and
help those groups most vulnerable to the impacts of the recession.
The aid program's priorities are:
- Rural enterprise development and financial inclusion
programs to generate local employment, promote better access to
financial services, and improve livelihoods;Ensuring continued delivery of core health and education services;
- Partnering
with Ministries of Health and Education and civil society organisations
to provide targeted services to vulnerable groups, in particular women
and children.
Main Aid Activities in Fiji
Health Sector Improvement Program
A long-term capacity building initiative to improve the quality of
health services in Fiji, supporting the Ministry of Health in
information management, rural health, clinical services, and management
training and development. An expanded program also supports program of
immunisation against measles, and the scaling up of health promotion
campaigns, including in food and water safety, are also priorities.
Education Sector Program
Supports the Ministry of Education to implement strategic reforms to
improve the quality of planning, management, provision and monitoring
of education services, especially to disadvantaged and remote areas.
Australian Civil Society Support Program and Rural Enterprise Development
These two programs strengthen strategic partnerships and engagement
with civil society organizations and the private sector. They play an
important role in Fiji's development through income generation,
enterprise development, and provision of essential services. These
organisations also play a valuable role in promoting demand for
improved governance, accountability and human rights.
Textiles, Clothing and Footwear (TCF) Training and Productivity Support Program
This program aims to increase the sustainability and international
competitiveness of the Fiji TCF industry by the provision of training
and technical support to twelve major TCF firms.
Scholarships
Australian Development Scholarships (ADS) provides tertiary
qualifications in the governance, law and justice, health and
education. There are approximately ten new ADS awards for Fiji each
year. Australian Regional Development Scholarships (ARDS) provide
tertiary qualifications governance, law and justice, health, education
and technical vocation sectors from institutions within the Pacific
region. Each year there are around 30 ARDS scholarships available for
Fiji citizens.
Volunteer Programs
Australia supports approximately 50 volunteers to Fiji each year, through the following volunteer programs:
- Australian Volunteers International
- Australian Youth Ambassadors for Development
- Volunteers for International Development from Australia
- Australian Business Volunteers
Regional Programs
Fiji benefits from a range of regional programs and services implemented in the Pacific, including:
- Australia-Pacific Technical College
- Pacific Regional HIV Programs
- Pacific Human Resources for Health Alliance
- Sea Level and Climate Change Monitoring
- Pacific Islands Climate Prediction
- Enterprise Challenge Fund for Asia and the Pacific
- Pacific regional technical institutions and international financial institutions
Key achievements in 2008-09:
- Providing emergency flood relief and support for longer-term
recovery in health, education and agriculture (through a $3 million
commitment).
- Training to 12 major textile, clothing and footwear firms resulting in improved productivity and efficiency.
- Funding and technical expertise to assist an estimated 932 families
with income generation activities, including through the Nature's Way
Cooperative and FRIEND, an NGO which employs vulnerable women and
hearing impaired youths.
- Supporting the Ministry of Health to minimise disease through
increased immunisation coverage. Through financial and technical
assistance Australia helped Fiji's national measles immunisation
coverage to increase to 94 per cent in 2008, from 78 per cent in 2005.
- Upgraded and improved qualifications in primary and early childhood
education at the Lautoka Teachers College to improve teaching quality.
- Assisting the Fiji Ministry of Education (with other development
partners) to develop the first-ever kindergarten curriculum guidelines
for teachers to standardise the curriculum and provide a more child
centred approach.
- ADS and ARDS scholars achieved qualifications in health, civil
engineering, renewable energy, disability studies, meteorology,
taxation, education, medicine, business administration, environment,
pharmacy, nursing and engineering as well as in technical vocation
areas.
Case Studies
Useful websites
August 2009
Kiribati
Total aid flows to Kiribati in FY 2009-10 are estimated to be $17.7
million of which $13.2 million is programmed bilaterally and the
balance delivered through regional initiatives. Australian assistance
to Kiribati in 2009-10 will focus on the priority outcome areas of the
Kiribati - Australia Partnership for Development.
Overview
Kiribati's population of about 110,000 is spread over a land mass of
only 811 square kilometres on 33 islands widely dispersed over an
exclusive economic zone of about 3.5 million square kilometres.
Kiribati remains a safe, peaceful and politically stable nation,
reliant predominantly on fishing license revenue, remittances and the
Revenue Equalisation Reserve Fund (RERF) - a trust fund - for income.
Kiribati is a strongly egalitarian society with most economic activity
undertaken by the government, and a very small but growing private
sector. However, Kiribati remains small, isolated and highly vulnerable
to external economic and environmental factors. Kiribati is vulnerable
to the immediate issues of fuel and food prices, fluctuations in fish
stocks, appreciation of the Australian dollar and stock market
fluctuations. Environmental degradation and carrying capacity of the
islands from a growing population (particularly in Tarawa), and
impending vulnerability to climate change, all represent major long
term concerns. Where information exists against the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs), Kiribati's performance is weak compared to
other Pacific small island states. Kiribati faces many profound
challenges and is increasingly engaging in open and frank dialogue
about its concerns over long term sustainability.
Challenges
The combination of high population growth and a lack of employment
on the outer islands is causing the population to drift to Tarawa, the
capital and main seat of government. About 43.5 per cent of the
population lives on South Tarawa and the population density is high,
especially on the islet of Betio. The population of Kiribati is
expected to double over the next 20 years, exacerbating already serious
environmental, urban management and health problems.
Ocean resources are the mainstay of the economy. An estimated 80 per
cent of households make a living through fishing. Agricultural
opportunities are limited. There is also only limited opportunity for
overseas investment due to the size of the economy, the remote and
dispersed geography of Kiribati and the limited international and
internal transport links.
Living standards are improving. However, social indicators remain
poor by regional standards. The Kiribati Development Plan 2008-2011
(KDP) identifies 6 key policy areas: Human Resource Development,
Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction, Health, Environment, Governance
and Infrastructure. These goals are broadly consistent with the MDGs,
and an explicit statement is made in the KDP about its contribution to
achievement of the MDGs.
Australian Response and Priorities
Kiribati - Australia Partnership for Development:
The Kiribati - Australia Partnership for Development was signed in Port
Moresby on 27 January 2009. The Partnership will help to achieve
poverty reduction and see improvements in progress towards MDGs. It
will work towards sustainable economic growth and guard against ongoing
vulnerability to trade and economic shocks, and climate change.
Australian assistance to Kiribati in 2009-10 will focus on the
priority outcome areas of the Kiribati - Australia Partnership for
Development.
- Basic Education: Australia's assistance will support
efforts to achieve improved standards of basic education in primary and
junior secondary schools, in terms of both access and quality. This
assistance will provide the foundation for successful human resource
development, in particular through improving the literacy and numeracy
skills of school-age children by ensuring that public schools have the
necessary resources and support to deliver quality education services.
- Workforce
Skills Development: The Partnership will build on existing support by
providing opportunities for people to develop workforce skills in areas
of industry demand both domestically and abroad. The aim of this
assistance is to decrease youth unemployment in both Tarawa and the
outer islands through strengthening the management and teaching
capabilities of technical and vocational education and training
institutions in Kiribati to ensure graduates obtain relevant workforce
skills leading to productive employment or further education in
Kiribati and abroad.
- Improved Growth and Economic
Management: Australia will aim to strengthen economic management in
support of mutually agreed Government of Kiribati-led economic reforms
that: improve public financial management; increase Government of
Kiribati revenues; reduce the cost of public enterprises and improve
service delivery and; increase the size and participation of the
private sector.
Main Programs
Education: AusAID is providing a two-year grant to
assist with operational costs of the Kiribati School for the Disabled,
whilst the Ministry of Education (MoE) prepares to take on
responsibility for the long-term operation of this school. Australia is
also working with MoE to: improve school facilities, curriculum and
assessment reform; enhance teaching standards including an English
language training program; support improved policy and planning; and
improve management information systems.
Fisheries: This program aims to strengthen
fisheries governance through incentive-based grants. Planned outputs
include: strengthening provisions relating to fisheries offenses and
penalties; improvements in licensing, access and joint venture
arrangements; and improvements in monitoring, control and surveillance
against illegal fishing. AusAID has approved $1 million as an incentive
payment for 2008/09, subject to progress towards achievement of
performance measures in these areas.
Kiribati Australia Nurses Initiative (KANI): There
are 57 students studying nursing at Griffith University in Brisbane,
with the first cohort successfully completing the first 12 months of
their bachelor degree, and the second cohort successfully completing
the preparation program. With no graduates as yet, it is too early in
the program to realise actual outcomes, however, a good indicator is
the 97 per cent success rate to date for students regarding their
studies, and that three students were able to secure casual nursing
work in Australia over their study break.
Scholarships: There were six continuing and nine
new Australian Development Scholarship (ADS) students studying in
Australia in 2008 in courses directly relevant to priorities identified
in the Kiribati HRD Plan, including public administration, health
science, engineering, and environmental studies. It is estimated that
90% of all ADS students to date have successfully completed their
studies.
There were 49 students in 2008 studying under Australian Regional
Development Scholarships (ARDS) predominantly in Fiji, but also in
Samoa and Vanuatu. It is estimated that 67% of all ARDS students to
date have successfully completed their studies. This success rate has
improved, attributable to the introduction of student support and
progress monitoring measures. It is anticipated this rate will further
increase with the appointment of a student support officer in Suva in
July 2008 to provide orientation, guidance and support to i-Kiribati
students.
Australian Aid to Kiribati
Country program estimate 2009-10: $13.2 million
Regional assistance estimate 2009-10: $4.5 million
Total Official Development Assistance: $17.7 million
Useful Websites
Key Documents
Success stories
There are currently 35 I-Kiribati students on scholarships enrolled
at various Australia Pacific Technical College campuses (with two
graduates) in various courses including carpentry, mechanics,
electrical, cookery and hospital operations.
Tuberculosis (TB) Control Project: With the highest rate of TB per
capita in the Pacific, this three-year program (with the Secretariat
for the Pacific Community) has resulted in a success rate of detection
and treatment of over 90%. This has led to a reduction in the number of
confirmed TB cases from 745 in 2007 to 337 in 2008. Nevertheless there
remain high burden areas yet to be addressed. The employment of nurses
for contact tracing has been successful, with 'full blown' TB averted
in many cases by early diagnosis and treatment. A TB laboratory and
outpatient clinic is scheduled to be constructed by mid 2009.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Where is Kiribati?
Kiribati (pronounced
Kirr-i-bas) is approximately 5,316 kilometers or 3,303 miles from
Australia in a north easterly direction (about half way between
Australia and Hawaii). It is spread over a land mass of only 811 square
kilometres on 33 islands widely dispersed over an exclusive economic
zone of about 3.5 million square kilometres. The islands straddle the
equator. On 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its
territory was in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (UTC
+12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its
jurisdiction were on the other side of the International Date Line.
What is the political system in Kiribati?
Kiribati is a republic with a president as the head of state. The
president is both the chief of state and head of government. The House
of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its
members and then those candidates compete in a general election. The
president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for
two more terms). A 12-member cabinet is appointed by the president from
among the members of Parliament.
What is the currency of Kiribati?
Kiribati used the Australian Dollar (AUD) as its currency.
July 2009
Micronesia
Country program estimate 2009-10: $2.7 million
Total ODA: $7.7 million
Tracking Development and Governance in the Pacific: 2009 report
North Pacific - Micronesia
The Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of Marshall Islands
and the Republic of Palau belong to the Micronesian group of Pacific
islands. Following the Compact Agreements with the United States in
1986, Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia became
independent. Under the agreements, the United States provides
substantial financial support to the two countries through annual
budgetary grants. In 1994 Palau became independent and, under a Compact
made with the United States in that year, receives funding over a
15-year period until 2009.
The 2009 Tracking Report provides a consolidated source of social and economic statistics for each of the North Pacific states.
Federated States of Micronesia - Overview
The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) consist of mountainous
volcanic islands and coral atolls with a vast marine exclusive economic
zone and a scattered population of about 110,000 (2008). The four
states are Phonpei, Chuuk, Kosrae and Yap.
Development Challenges
Similar to other Pacific island countries, the FSM has limited
capacity and a shortage of skilled labour. Isolation together with a
dependence on the United States Compact funding and
government-generated economic activity and employment provide further
constraints on development. The FSM is also vulnerable to natural
disasters such as the tidal surge experienced in late 2008.
Australia's Bilateral Development Assistance Program
Australia's 2009-10 bilateral program of development assistance in
the FSM is estimated at $1.6 million. The bilateral program is focused
on strengthening human resource development, improving financial
management and governance, and supporting community organisations and
government agencies. The FSM is also eligible for funding under
Australia's regional development assistance programs.
Main Programs:
- Human Resource Development: Regional Scholarships
The largest component of Australian aid to the FSM supports
education and training, providing scholarships for study at regional
institutions.
Australia funds a Small Grants Scheme, which supports community
organisations or supplements the work of government agencies to provide
direct assistance to small-scale community development.
- Targeted Technical Assistance
Australia provides funding for targeted technical advice under the
Pacific Technical Assistance Mechanism (PACTAM), supporting short-term
projects targeting the government's development priorities.
Marshall Islands - Overview
The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) consists of 29 coral
atolls and five islands spread across about 181 square kilometres of
the central Pacific. A resident population of approximately 53,000
(2008) is scattered throughout the islands.
Development Challenges
Similar to other Pacific island countries, RMI has limited capacity
and a shortage of skilled labour. Isolation together with a dependence
on the United States Compact funding and government-generated economic
activity and employment provide further constraints on development. The
RMI is also vulnerable to natural disasters such as the tidal surge
experienced in late 2008.
Australia's Bilateral Development Assistance Program
Australia's 2009-10 bilateral program of development assistance in
RMI is estimated at $0.75 million. The bilateral program is focused on
strengthening human resource development, improving energy policy
implementation and supporting community organisations and government
agencies. RMI is also eligible for funding under Australia's regional
development assistance programs.
Main Programs:
- Human Resource Development: Regional Scholarships and Leadership Awards
The Australian program of development assistance concentrates on
education and training, delivered primarily through regional
scholarships. In 2008 the first Marshall Islander was selected to
undertake post-graduate study in Australia under the new Australian
Leadership Award (ALA) Fellowship program introduced by AusAID in 2007.
Australia funds a Small Grants Scheme, which supports community
organisations or supplements the work of government agencies, including
pre-Census activities, to provide direct assistance to small-scale
community development.
- Targeted Technical Assistance
In 2009-10 Australia funded an Energy Adviser, under the Pacific
Technical Assistance Mechanism (PACTAM), to work with the Marshall
Islands government on implementation of the Marshall Islands national
energy policy.
Republic of Palau - Overview
The Republic of Palau (Palau) consist of a tightly clustered
archipelago of 340 islands with a total land area of 458 square
kilometres. The country's resident population of about 20,000 (2008)
live on only eight of the islands. Tourism is the main economic
activity.
Development Challenges
Similar to other Pacific island countries, Palau has limited
capacity and a shortage of skilled labour. Isolation together with a
dependence on the United States Compact funding and
government-generated economic activity and employment provide further
constraints on development.
Australia's Bilateral Development Assistance Program
Australia's 2009-10 bilateral program of development assistance in
Palau is estimated at $0.3 million. The bilateral program is focused on
strengthening human resource development and supporting community
organisations and government agencies. Palau is also eligible for
funding under Australia's regional development assistance programs.
Main Programs:
- Human Resource Development: Regional Scholarships
The Australian program of development assistance concentrates on
education and training, delivered primarily through regional
scholarships.
Australia funds a Small Grants Scheme, which supports community
organisations or supplements the work of government agencies to provide
direct assistance to small-scale community development.
Useful websites
July 2009
Nauru
Country program estimated ODA 2009-10: $15.4 million
Total ODA*: $23.4 million
* includes cash paid each year in line with the Nauru Settlement
Treaty, in addition to amounts through the AusAID Country Program.
Overview
Nauru, a coral island of 21 square kilometres in the central
Pacific, and with a population of around 10,000, faces a range of
development challenges. During much of the 20th century, phosphate
mining brought great prosperity to Nauru. But in the 1990s, a steep
reduction in demand for phosphate and the impacts of poor economic
management saw Nauru's economy contract and sink into debt.
Apart from phosphate mining, Nauru has a limited private sector.
Without significant local fishing or arable land, Nauru's population
depends heavily on imported foods. However, in recent years analysis
confirmed that secondary phosphate reserves could be viably mined for
up to 25 years, providing scope for improved phosphate revenues. As a
result, secondary mining is currently being undertaken in conjunction
with environmental management and land rehabilitation programs.
Nauru is currently showing mixed progress in achieving the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). While much progress has been made
in promoting gender equality and maternal health, key areas of concern
include achieving universal primary education, reducing child mortality
and ensuring environmental sustainability. However, reliable statistics
are not readily available to formally substantiate progress. Nauru's
GDP is estimated at $2,038 per capita and has experienced negative
economic growth for several years.
Returning to economic stability will take time but the leadership
and reform progress already being driven by the Government of Nauru,
with Australia's assistance, demonstrates that there are real prospects
for improvements in the social and economic environment in Nauru.
Development Challenges
In 2005 Nauru launched its National Sustainable Development Strategy
(NSDS), developed after a period of intensive public consultation. The
NSDS has been received positively by the broader donor community and
outlines Nauru's development strategy for the period 2005-25. The NSDS
is a landmark document, both for the inclusive process of its
development but also for the clear path it sets out for Nauru as it
seeks to move on from the difficulties of the recent past. The
following quote from the NSDS are perhaps the clearest articulation of
the challenges and vision now facing Nauru leaders and citizens:
"Our country is now on the crossroads. We have lived the good life
during the height of phosphate returns. Unfortunately as a result of
mismanagement and corruption that life could not be sustained. We have
learnt the hard way and future generations will suffer if we do not
re-build now. We have to accept the mistakes of the past as lessons for
a better future...
... These priorities will be difficult to implement, but like every
long journey, it starts with the first step. As a community we have to
take that first step together... It is a journey that will require
partnerships between civil society, private sector and the government.
It will also require a shift in the attitude towards making things
happen for a better Nauru. The Vision for the future underscores the
need for that partnership in developing our nation... On behalf of my
Government and on behalf of the people of Nauru, I would like to
express our sincere gratitude to our partners in development who have
provided assistance towards this process"
Nauru continues to face many development challenges, with limited
revenue options and significant capacity constraints in both the public
and private sectors. Nauru also remains vulnerable to external shocks
such as currency fluctuations, commodity price variations and global
economic downturns.
Australian aid to Nauru
Australia is Nauru's largest donor. The priorities that have guided
Australia's aid program in Nauru up until the endorsement of the
Partnership for Development have been:
- economic reform and financial management
- reliable and cost effective electricity and water provision
- enhanced primary health care
- improved basic education and technical and vocational skills
A Partnership for Development with Nauru is expected to be signed in
August 2009, and will be accompanied by a move to multi-year support
building on the current focus areas of the Nauru program.
Australia's assistance is supporting the Government of Nauru's
ambitious reform agenda, and exploring regional solutions to Nauru's
development challenges. There is an increasing emphasis on incentives
and linking assistance to specific reforms.
For more information, please see Australian Aid Activities in Nauru
Aid Achievements in Nauru
In recent years Australian aid has:
- helped Nauru produce its sixth successive balanced budget
showing modest surpluses and sound expenditure prioritisation. A debt
management strategy has been developed and a central accounting
mechanism for selected state owned enterprises introduced.
- enabled
significant improvements in health sector planning and management,
pharmaceuticals procurement systems and health infrastructure,
including a new laboratory, pharmacy, dental clinic and refurbishments
to other critical infrastructure.
- supported the
establishment of regular neo-natal clinics monitoring early childhood
development milestones, nutrition and immunization with 100% coverage
of all relevant vaccines
- improved diesel procurement
processes, fuel security, power station management and work practices.
As of April 2009, Nauru was generating electricity on its own
generators for the first time since 2005 and with fuel procured by the
Government of Nauru under its own fuel purchasing arrangements
- undertaken
an infant and primary school refurbishment program which has resulted
in less absenteeism from students and teachers and higher community
participation in running schools. Primary and Secondary School
completion rates increased by 5% and 27% respectively from 2006 to 2009.
- supported the commencement of cost recovery arrangements for electricity across commercial and government entities.
- provided
support to the Nauru Fisheries Management Authority, helping produce a
34% increase in fisheries revenue though more efficient management of
the licence revenue collection.
For further information see:
Related websites
Other links
Aid Stories and People
July 2009
Niue and Tokelau
Niue and Tokelau
Country program estimate 2009-10: $1.7 million
Total ODA: $3.1 million
Tracking development and governance in the Pacific: 2009 report
Niue - Overview
The island of Niue covers 260 square kilometres, with a resident
population of approximately 1,500 (2008), located in Polynesia, east of
the Kingdom of Tonga and north-east of New Zealand. Niue is a
self-governing state in 'free association with New Zealand'. As such,
it is highly dependent on New Zealand aid and, with limited employment
prospects at home, experiences high rates of migration to New Zealand.
The 2009 Tracking report provides a consolidated source of social and economic statistics for Niue.
Development challenges
With a population of fewer than 2,000 living on a coral island of
260 square kilometres, Niue faces formidable development constraints.
These include isolation, limited natural resources and transport, poor
communications and a lack of skilled labour.
Australia's development assistance program
In 2009-10 Australia will provide bilateral assistance of $850,000
to Niue. The program aims to promote social and economic development,
through support to the Niue International Trust Fund, and support human
resource development through targeted scholarships and technical. Niue
is also eligible for funding under Australia's regional development
assistance programs.
Australia intends to gradually transfer its bilateral aid allocation
to Trust Fund contributions in the future. Until such time, Australia
will continue to support regional scholarships until the current
students complete their study programs, and also provide targeted
technical assistance through the Pacific Technical Assistance Mechanism
(PACTAM).
Main programs
- Niue International Trust Fund
On 25 October 2006, Australia, Niue and New Zealand became
signatories to the Niue International Trust Fund (NITF) Deed (the
Deed). The aim of the NITF is to provide a long-term, dependable
revenue stream for the Government of Niue, to encourage self-reliance
and decrease dependency on official development assistance. Since 2004,
Australia has contributed approximately $6.1 million to the NITF.
Australia participates in the Trust Fund on an ongoing basis through
annual contributions and membership on the NITF Board.
- Human resource development
In 2009-10 a small number of regional scholarships have been awarded
to Niuean students to undertake study at regional institutions. In 2008
the first Niuean was selected to undertake post-graduate study in
Australia under AusAID's Australian Leadership Award (ALA) Fellowship
program which was established in 2007.
- Targeted technical assistance
Australia's technical assistance to Niue targets the
water/sanitation, energy and finance sectors and is implemented through
the Pacific Technical Assistance Mechanism (PACTAM).
Tokelau - Overview
Tokelau is a non-self-governing territory of New Zealand and has a
resident population of approximately 1,500, located about 480
kilometres north of Samoa. Tokelau consists of three small atolls with
a land area of 12 square kilometres, is around 3.5 metres above sea
level and has few natural resources. As New Zealand citizens, the
people of Tokelau have access to the New Zealand education system and
are generally highly educated.
The 2009 Tracking report provides a consolidated source of social and economic statistics for Tokelau.
Development challenges
With a population of fewer than 2,000 living on three small atolls
totalling 12 square kilometres, Tokelau faces formidable development
constraints. These include isolation, limited natural resources and
transport, poor communications and a lack of skilled labour.
Australia's development assistance program
In 2009-10 Australia will provide bilateral assistance of $850,000
to Tokelau. The program aims to promote social and economic
development, through support to the Tokelau International Trust Fund,
and support human resource development through targeted regional
scholarships. Tokelau is also eligible for funding under Australia's
regional development assistance programs.
Main programs
- Tokelau International Trust Fund
The Tokelau International Trust Fund (TITF) was established by the
Governments of New Zealand and Tokelau, with a major interest from the
Government of Australia. The purpose of the TITF is to provide the
Government of Tokelau with an additional source of revenue for
recurrent budgetary and development expenditure to contribute to the
long-term financial viability of Tokelau. Since 2005, Australia's has
contributed approximately $6.1 million to the TITF.
- Human resource development
In 2009-10 a small number of regional scholarships have been awarded
to Tokelaun students to undertake study at regional institutions.
Australia proposes to fund regional scholarships to Tokelau until 2013,
after which time the Tokelau government will independently fund its
scholarships program from TITF funds.
Useful websites
9 December 2009
Regional Pacific
Regional program estimate 2009-10: $270.0 million
Australia's regional program of aid supports the Government's Pacific Engagement Strategy as outlined in Prime Minister Rudd's Port Moresby Declaration, and the regional priorities in the Pacific Plan.
Those priorities include progress in reducing poverty and improving
outcomes in areas such as health, education and gender; improved
transparency and accountability in government; stronger broad-based
growth through trade, infrastructure and private sector development;
and improved law and justice and security. Australia is also
cooperating with the Pacific region to meet the challenges of climate
change and sustainable management of resources.
Australia is committed to close and strong relationships with Pacific Regional Organisations.
These organisations play an important role in coordinating and
delivering regional solutions to shared development challenges
including those identified through the Pacific Plan and other joint
Ministerial and Leaders' agreements.
Current areas of focus under Australia's regional aid program in the Pacific include: health, education and training, governance (including law and justice), trade, private sector development, infrastructure, land, fisheries, environment, gender and disaster response.
July 2009
Samoa
Australian Aid to Samoa
Country Program estimate 2009-10: $22 million
Total ODA 2009-10: $32.4 million
Samoa's good performance over the past decade in both the economic
and social spheres has come under pressure in recent years, with the
global economic crisis highlighting some areas of ongoing difficulty.
Samoa's fiscal position remains under considerable pressure due to
falling remittances and long term declines in performance of productive
sectors such as agriculture and fisheries.
In its Strategy for Development of Samoa (2008 -2012), the
Government of Samoa has already identified inequality of income
distribution, a lack of formal employment and income-generating
opportunities (especially for school leavers), concerns over access to
quality education and the rapid rise in the prevalence of
non-communicable diseases as the key development challenges now facing
the country.
Country Overview
Samoa's population of approximately 219,000 is growing at
approximately 1.3% per year. Total land area of Samoa is almost 3,000
km2, with the majority of the population residing on the two main
islands of Savai'i and Upolu, with almost half of them living in small,
coastal villages.
Around 60% of Samoan households depend on a mixture of subsistence
and commercial agriculture and many wage-earning households also engage
in supplementary subsistence production. The main sources of income for
the country remain remittances and tourism.
While Samoa is on track to meet most of the Millennium Development
Goals, there has been a recent reversal of progress in areas such as
infant mortality (linked to declining immunisation rates and quality of
rural health care services), poverty levels and an increasing incidence
in non-communicable diseases (type II diabetes, heart disease and
hypertension). Despite high levels of government expenditure on
education, the quality of curriculum and teaching remains poor, leading
to concerns about whether education targets will be reached in the
coming years.
The Government of Samoa itself has no official figure for the
incidence of poverty in Samoa. However, participatory poverty
assessments undertaken by the government confirm that a significant
number of households experience hardship arising from "poverty of
opportunity" that is manifested in three ways: (i) a lack of access to
basic services; (ii) a lack of adequate resources to meet basic
household needs and customary obligations to the family, village
community and church; and (iii) a lack of opportunities to participate
fully in the socioeconomic life of the community.
Groups identified by the Government of Samoa as most vulnerable to
hardship include landless individuals and families, the unemployed
(especially unskilled youth), single income households, isolated rural
households, people with disabilities and elderly persons without family
support.
Development Challenges
The Samoan economy has been substantially affected by the global
recession and its economy is expected to contract in 2009, with a fall
in manufacturing, exports and remittances. Tourism flows have been
holding up to date, but could decline with the continuing low growth in
those countries from which tourist numbers are greatest.
Over recent years Samoa has taken many steps to improve the
operation of core government areas including through the legislative,
governance and administrative reforms. The introduction of competition
and reform of aviation and telecommunications have improved service
coverage and quality and reduced costs. Ongoing reform is a key
priority for government, but there are concerns about a slowing of the
reform agenda, as well as the challenges of implementation for the
public sector.
Australia's assistance to Samoa
Australia's assistance in 2009/10 will be delivered primarily in
support of the Samoa-Australia Partnership for Development. The
Partnership articulates the shared ambition to work together to make
more rapid progress, by 2015, towards the Millennium Development Goals
and Samoa's development vision of 'improved quality of life for all' as
outlined in their Strategy for the Development of Samoa 2008-2012
(SDS). The Partnership also recognises the existing development
assistance program established through the Joint Samoa Program Strategy
(2006-2010).
The Partnership is focused on the following six priority areas:
- Private Sector Growth & Employment: Australia will
support Samoa's analysis and sector planning with an emphasis on -
agriculture and fisheries sector, promoting regional economic
integration and trade liberalisation, improved economic infrastructure
and lower cost of doing business;
- Improved Health: The
partnership will complement Australia's continuing assistance through
Samoa's Health Sector plan with a focus on - non-communicable diseases
and workforce development in the health sector.
- Improved
Education: Australia will build on its current assistance and support
Samoa's ambitions to achieve more equitable access to education and
higher quality education, focusing on - reducing drop out rates through
inclusive education and a focus on disability services, teacher
retention including working with other partners to address incentives
for teachers to continue to build careers in Samoa.
- Improved
Governance: Australia will assist Samoa to strengthen the public sector
including improving public financial management, public sector capacity
development, strengthening statistics and data on development and
governance indicators.
- Law & Justice: Australia will
support an integrated approach to policing and law and justice sector
reform building on our previous assistance and through support for the
recently completed Law and Justice Sector Plan.
- Climate
Change: New work will initially focus on working closely with other
donors to support Samoa's National Adaptation Programme of Action.
Key Achievements
Australia in partnership with Samoa, ADB, Japan and Finland is
supporting the Power Sector Expansion Project. This project is
assisting the government to meet the growing demand for electricity
through an improved regulatory environment and upgraded infrastructure.
This joint donor project will support Samoa to put in place measures to
provide efficient, reliable, affordable and sustainable power services,
including establishing an environment for private sector participation
in power generation. Indirectly, this project will also support private
sector growth through lower energy costs. Australia's contribution to
the power sector includes a loan 'buy down' incentives mechanism
whereby part of the loan is paid when agreed performance milestones are
met.
In the law and justice sector, a new Samoa Police Headquarters/Apia
Police Station and armoury constructed in Apia as part of the Samoa
Police Project were opened in February 2008 by Parliamentary Secretary
for International Development Assistance, Hon Bob McMullan MP and
Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs, Hon Duncan Kerr SC
MP. In addition technical support was provided to assist Samoa develop
a legal and justice sector plan, the plan was presented in November
2008 and will form the central pillar around which Partnership support
is provided to the law and justice sector.
Useful websites
Key Documents
July 2009
Solomon Islands
Overview
The people of Solomon Islands live on a scattered archipelago of
mountainous islands and coral atolls covering about 28,000 square
kilometres. Solomon Islands has a population of over 500,000 people,
predominantly Melanesian (95 per cent), and sixty-three distinct
language groups.
From 1999-2003, civil conflict had a crippling effect on security
and economic activity and accelerated a decline in social conditions.
In 2003, at the invitation of the Solomon Islands Government, the
Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) was deployed.
RAMSI is a partnership between the people and government of Solomon
Islands and fifteen Pacific Island countries, including Australia.
RAMSI's mandate encompasses law and order, the justice and prison
systems, rebuilding Solomon Islands institutions and establishing
conditions under which Solomon Islands can achieve social and economic
recovery.
Australia is firmly committed to supporting Solomon Islands achieve
a more prosperous and secure future. In 2009, Australia and Solomon
Islands agreed to a bilateral Partnership for Development, marking a
new era of cooperation based on mutual respect, mutual responsibility
and mutual cooperation.
Development Challenges
Since the arrival of RAMSI in 2003, Solomon Islands has benefited
from a return to law and order and the economy has experienced positive
growth. However, the security and development situation in Solomon
Islands is fragile and the country is vulnerable to the impacts of the
global recession.
Solomon Islands has a narrow economic base with more than 80 per
cent of the population relying on subsistence agriculture and fishing.
A key challenge for the Solomon Islands Government is to broaden the
productive economy beyond the reliance on forestry and fisheries.
Solomon Islands is currently on track to meet two of the Millennium
Development Goals (MDG4: reduce child mortality and MDG5: improve
maternal health). However, challenges with the provision of essential
services impact upon Solomon Islands' ability to achieve all eight
Millennium Development Goals. Service delivery is made especially
difficult by geographic factors - the country is comprised of over 900
islands with the majority of the population living in remote and rural
areas. The Solomon Islands Government is currently working closely with
international donors such as Australia to advance progress toward
achieving these Goals.
Australian aid to Solomon Islands
AusAID country program estimate 2009-10: $45.7million
Total ODA estimate 2009-10: $246.2 million
Australian aid to Solomon Islands is delivered through a bilateral
program and the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI).
In 2009-10 AusAID's bilateral program will provide an estimated
$45.7 million in aid. Other Australian assistance provided through
RAMSI, AusAID's regional and global programs and other Australian
Government agencies, such as the Australian Federal Police, Treasury
and Customs, brings total estimated expenditure in 2009-10 to $246.2
million.
Useful websites
July 2009
Tonga
Total aid flows to Tonga in FY 2009-10 are estimated to be $21.3 million of which
$14.9 million is programmed bilaterally and the balance delivered
through regional initiatives. Australian assistance to Tonga in 2009-10
will focus on the priority outcome areas of the Tonga - Australia
Partnership for Development.
Overview
Tonga's population of around 120,000 people is spread
across 36 of its 170 islands, but most people live on the main island,
Tongatapu. Agriculture, fisheries and tourism are the basis of the
country's economy. The larger islands are fertile and support crops for
local consumption and export. However, Tonga's small, open economy is
vulnerable to fluctuations in world commodity prices and susceptible to
natural disasters such as cyclones. The public sector and remittances
play a large role in the economy.
Tongan's enjoy a relatively high quality of life, which includes a
strong sense of community and national identity. There are, however,
significant challenges - high levels of emigration among its
well-educated workforce coupled with dependency on their remittances, a
narrow base of economic activity and a small private sector. Other
challenges include lack of youth development and employment
opportunities, and vulnerability to natural and economic disasters.
Tonga is embarking on an ambitious program of economic and public
sector reform in parallel with political reform. The reforms aim to
improve the accountability and responsiveness of Tonga's public
institutions, improve fiscal policies, develop a more effective and
equitable revenue system, promote private sector growth and create a
more efficient and streamlined public service.
Tonga has a high level of government leadership, vision and
articulation across most sectors. When considering the strengths of
Tongan society, the basics are in place for aid to be effective and to
achieve significant impact.
Challenges
Following the 2006 riots, which impacted negatively on economic
growth, Tonga is forecast to stage a modest recovery over 2009-10,
although the global recession may have an impact on this. The worsening
outlook for global employment and growth may increase the need for aid
to focus on investments which stimulate local employment opportunities
and provide a cushion against adverse economic shocks.
Australian Response and Priorities
Australian assistance to Tonga in 2009-10 will primarily focus on
the priority outcome areas of the Tonga - Australia Partnership for
Development.
- A More Efficient and Effective Public Sector: The
Partnership will build on existing Australian assistance for
strengthening of the public sector in policy formulation and
implementation, and public financial and economic management. It will
also draw on planned regional support for public sector capacity
building and the existing Tonga Australia Performance Partnership
Agreement arrangements.
- Improved Health: Australia will
provide flexible and wide ranging support for the implementation of the
Tonga Ministry of Health's corporate plans, such as reduced prevalence
of non-communicable disease and primary health care to a common
national standard available to all communities.
- Improved
Technical and Vocational Skills: Australia's assistance will develop
opportunities to grow skills in areas of industry demand both
domestically and abroad, through strengthening the management and
teaching capabilities of technical and vocational education and
training institutions in Tonga, and promote access to training and
employment opportunities in the region.
- Develop
Infrastructure: The Partnership will plan and put in place transport
and other infrastructure to reduce business costs and facilitate access
to markets and services. Systematic approaches will be developed to the
provision of infrastructure and its long term maintenance.
Main Programs
Tonga was one of the first countries to have a performance-linked
economic governance program (the Tonga Australia Performance
Partnership Agreement - TAPPA) as the Government of Tonga was judged by
AusAID to be amongst those governments in the region most committed to
pursuing a reform agenda and having circumstances well suited to this
modality. TAPPA was signed on 16 August 2007 between the Government of
Tonga and AusAID. The arrangement operates under annual cycles,
allowing for payment of a performance grant subject to satisfactory
completion of a set of mutually agreed performance milestones for each
cycle.
Australia is providing scholarships for 30 new students bringing the
total to 86 students (including distance education) with an emphasis on
business, law, environment, health and medicine. 21 students are at the
Australian Pacific Technical College.
Australia provided assistance to improve governance and economic
management through the provision of targeted capacity building and
training activities in public sector management, and taxation and
revenue reforms. Australia also provides support for the Public Service
Commissioner, and an Australian Customs Officer who is the Deputy
Commissioner of the Tongan Customs Service.
Australia funds a Supreme Court Judge and Senior Crown Counsel to
assist with the large case load and to uphold the integrity of the
judicial system, and provided legal services to support legislative
reform to establish an independent anti-corruption commission. A
trilateral Australia, New Zealand, Tonga Police Development Program has
been implemented. Its goal is to deliver immediate assistance to meet
critical needs, whilst designing a longer term five year program of
assistance. New Zealand has provided a Police Commander who is crucial
to the development and implementation of the longer term program.
Australian Aid to Tonga
Country program estimate 2009-10: $14.9 million
Regional assistance estimate 2009-10: $6.4 million
Total Official Development Assistance: $21.3 million
Useful Websites
Key Documents
Success stories
The Solid Waste Management Project has contributed to improved
service delivery and is now servicing over 12,000 households and 500
commercial businesses in Tongatapu. The project has delivered benefits
for health, environment, tourist, and private business. The project has
built a waste management site, developed a universal waste collection
system, provided public bins in the main Nuku'alofa business and
tourist areas and increased recycling and composting. The result is a
cleaner environment, with less leachate entering the sea and lagoon
areas and less air pollution as households no longer need to burn
rubbish. The project ended in December 2008, however further assistance
is required to ensure the program can operate on a sustainable basis
(i.e. to develop a viable use-pays system, and improve revenue
collection and management). AusAID is providing continued support to
the program with the aim of building a sustainable business model.
AusAID has jointly established a $2.6 million business recovery
facility with New Zealand's NZAID to help businesses re-establish
themselves after the November 2006 riots. Thirty-nine businesses have
so far received soft loans and credit guarantees for restocking and
rebuilding, while emergency reconstruction assistance cleared dangerous
debris from 67 burned sites, allowing the town centre to reopen after
the riots. In June 2009, the new ANZ Bank building, destroyed in the
riots, was official opened. Several other buildings are currently in
the construction phase.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Where is Tonga?
Tonga is an archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, to the south of Samoa and about one-third of the way from New Zealand to Hawaii.
It is made up of 169 islands, 36 of them inhabited, stretching over a
distance of about 800 kilometres in a north-south line. Tonga is
approximately 3,527 kilometers from Australia.
What is Tonga's political system?
Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific. The Monarch is a
hereditary title with Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister
appointed by the monarch. Cabinet consists of 14 members, 10 appointed
by the monarch for life; four appointed from among the elected members
of the Legislative Assembly, including two each from the nobles' and
peoples' representatives serving three-year terms. There is also a
Privy Council that consists of the monarch, the cabinet and two
governors
July 2009
Tuvalu
Australia continues to support the Tuvalu Trust Fund and fund
activities in fiscal and budget management and education. Australia
also provides funding for in-line technical advisers in central and key
oversight institutions.
Country overview
Tuvalu is a geographically remote chain of atoll islands located
north of Fiji. Its population of around 10,000 is largely dependent on
subsistence fishing and agriculture.
The 2002 Census estimated that 39% of employees were engaged by the
Government, with a further 30% engaged in semi-government employment.
Private sector development is impaired by an unusually large public
sector. Local private sector employment is also small because of the
good offshore employment opportunities secured by Tuvalu (Tuvalu 2006
Economic Report From Plan to Action).
Private sector activity is limited to small-scale enterprise,
short-term construction and small amounts of agriculture and fishing.
Seafaring on overseas cargo vessels is another significant source of
employment as is other forms of remittances from overseas employment.
Tuvalu has performed moderately well on economic and social
indicators compared with many of its Pacific neighbours. Real Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) per capita has grown at an
average annual rate of 2.5% between 2005 and 2007, although mainly in
the public sector. The rule of law is upheld, access to basic services
is generally good and serious poverty is not a major problem.
Tuvalu's progress against the Millennium Development Goals has been
positive, although there are regressions on key development indicators
(eg. 50% failure rates at Year 8 level; increasing prevalence of
non-communicable diseases).
Development challenges
Despite this relatively good performance, Tuvalu has significant
development challenges. Over the longer term it needs to create
employment opportunities in the domestic and international economies,
but with low levels of skilled workers, and an environment not
conductive to private sector development this is a difficult challenge.
These and other factors could undermine Tuvalu's capacity to sustain
economic growth and provide adequate public goods and services to its
population.
Australian aid to Tuvalu
Country program estimate 2009-10: $5.0 million
Total ODA: $7.5 million
Australia's aid program supports Tuvalu's development priorities as
identified in the Te Kakeega II National Strategy for Sustainable
Development 2005 -2015. The aid program is currently directed by the
Tuvalu/Australia/Asian Development Bank Joint Country strategy 2007-11
and focuses on three key areas:
- Effective management of the Tuvalu Trust Fund to provide recurrent budget support and build future financial reserves;
- Effective fiscal management to manage revenue sources and expenditure allocation; and
- Improving the quality of Tuvalu's education system and vocational skills development.
Future directions of Australia's development assistance program in
Tuvalu is being negotiated and will be guided by the Australia-Tuvalu
Pacific Partnership for Development, which will be signed by the Prime
Ministers of Australia and Tuvalu at the Forum Leaders meeting in
Cairns, Australia.
Economic reform and governance
Faced with the challenges of a small and fragile economy, Tuvalu has
embarked on measures to strengthen economic planning and reform the
public sector to ensure the policy environment is conducive to greater
national self-reliance.
Australia and ADB are providing support to enhance Tuvalu's public
financial management, including reforms of the tax systems, as well as
public enterprises reform and debt management.
Tuvalu Trust Fund
The Tuvalu Trust Fund, established in 1988, is one of the few
reliable and predictable sources of recurrent revenue to fund basic
services for Tuvalu. The Fund has contributed roughly 12% of annual
government budgets since 1990 and provides an important source of
income to Tuvalu.
Australia was an original contributor and is a member of the Board
of Management, the Advisory Committee and the Investment Committee of
the fund. Australia has contributed around $19.5 million to the Tuvalu
Trust Fund since 1988.
Technical Assistance
Australia is providing technical assistance to central and key
oversight institutions to help implement recommendations on fiscal and
budget management. The aim is to develop Tuvaluan capacity to prepare
and execute its budgets more effectively. This means to set and adhere
to realistic and sustainable fiscal targets and use resources in the
most cost-effective way to achieve policy goals and priorities,
consistent with the fiscal targets. In 2008 Australia provided
technical support to the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, the
Auditor General's Office and the Office of the Attorney General.
Education and training
Overseas training
- Contribution: around $850 000 a year
- Duration: ongoing
Australia provides 4 scholarship awards for qualifications in
Australia and 12 awards for tertiary courses in Fiji at institutions
such as the University of the South Pacific and the Fiji School of
Medicine.
Education
On a global level Tuvalu appears to be on track to meeting the
education related MDGs regarding enrolment and gender parity however
there are issues with the quality of the education system.
Australia is providing small scale targeted financial and technical
assistance to Tuvalu for improved access to quality education and
vocational skills development that will allow for increased
participation in domestic and international labour markets.
Useful websites
August 2009
Vanuatu
Vanuatu has had strong sustained economic growth since 2004, which
is likely to moderate in 2009 due to the impact of the global
recession. Vanuatu has benefited from sound economic governance, with
increases in tourism, foreign investment and more recently greatly
expanded access to telecommunications.
Despite these achievements, there are concerns with persistent
poverty in remote areas. A key challenge for the Government of Vanuatu
is translating the economic growth and significant aid flows into new
jobs and improved service delivery across the archipelago.
Country overview
Vanuatu is an archipelagic nation of 83 islands and a population of
about 221,000. Most people live in rural villages and more than 75 per
cent of the population is involved in agriculture.
Vanuatu will not meet some of the MDGs, however the paucity of reliable data makes progress difficult to track.
There are continuing improvements in macroeconomic growth, with real
GDP per annum increasing 6.8 per cent in 2007 and 6.6 per cent in 2008.
The most recent data (2004) on extreme poverty showed 26 per cent of
the population living on less than US$1 a day.
While Vanuatu's main export is copra, tourism is becoming
increasingly significant. Australians make up over half of all visitors
to Vanuatu.
Development challenges
The key constraints to development in Vanuatu are the limited reach
of government systems, poor rural infrastructure and a fragmented
policy framework. While economic growth has led to an expansion in
government revenue, the effectiveness of spending by the Government of
Vanuatu has not improved and service delivery continues to face
challenges.
While the global recession has not yet had a significant impact on
Vanuatu, the Government of Vanuatu has limited capacity to respond in
the event of a prolonged economic downturn. It is likely that any rapid
response to an economic shock would have to be funded by donors working
with the government.
Australia's assistance to Vanuatu
Country program estimate 2009-10: $41.6 million
Total ODA: $56.3 million
Australia’s development assistance program in Vanuatu is guided by
the recently signed Partnership for Development, Australia-Vanuatu
Joint Development Cooperation Strategy 2005–2010 and supports the
Vanuatu Government’s Priorities and Action Agenda 2006–2015.
The Vanuatu-Australia Partnership for Development, signed in May
2009, will provide additional assistance to mitigate the impact of the
global recession and accelerate progress towards the MDGs. The
partnership reflects the commitment by the governments of Australia and
Vanuatu to the principles of mutual respect and mutual responsibility.
Both partners acknowledge Vanuatu’s leadership of its own development
policies and the requirements of each government to account to its
parliament and people on the contribution of national resources to
development.
The initial priority areas of the Partnership are education,
infrastructure, economic governance and health, and there is a need to
actively engage on policy dialogue in the law and justice sector. In
addressing priority outcomes, Vanuatu and Australia agree that the
partnership should:
- support increased access and quality of
education for boys and girls and equip them with relevant skills and
knowledge
- strengthen health services and accelerate progress towards health MDGs
- develop essential infrastructure to support economic growth and service delivery
- progress reform on economic governance
- address
equality of opportunity for all men and women and include the needs and
priorities of people with disability in development activities.
Australia works closely with government, civil society and the
private sector to support development in Vanuatu. Building demand for
better governance through civil society partnerships is an important
element of Australia’s support, by working with key institutions such
as chiefs and churches.
Gender is a core feature of all AusAID programs in Vanuatu.
Recognising that women are particularly disadvantaged in areas of
decision-making and economic empowerment, Australia is working with the
Vanuatu Government and women’s organisations to support these
development priorities.
Australia is working with the Vanuatu Government and other donors
to encourage growth in key productive sectors, in particular
agriculture and tourism. Future assistance will focus on market
development in areas of comparative advantage for Vanuatu. Australian
aid will help set up an enabling environment for the private sector
through regulatory and state-owned enterprise reform.
The Australian Government is engaging with the Vanuatu Ministry of
Infrastructure and Public Utilities and the Public Works Department to
develop a long-term program of sector support in transport
infrastructure.
Support for the law and justice sector will continue through police
and legal capacity building programs drawing on the technical expertise
of the Australian Federal Police and the NSW
Attorney-General's Department. Australia will also support initiatives
which strengthen national health and education systems, including
incidence of malaria and improving the quality of education services.
Land issues are central to almost every aspect of life in Vanuatu,
including government and private sector operations. In 2009, a
long-term Vanuatu Land Program will start under the leadership of the
National Land Steering Committee. Representing a major advance in donor
cooperation in Vanuatu, AusAID and NZAID will jointly engage a single
managing contractor to implement their respective program designs.
Key achievements
Australia achieved some significant results as a donor partner in
2008. For example, the Governance for Growth program supported reforms
to introduce competition in telecommunications. This resulted in the
proportion of the population with access to mobile telephony increasing
from 20 per cent to 75 per cent.
In the health sector, maternal mortality at Vila Central Hospital
has continued to fall, and pharmaceutical supply has been strengthened.
The Pacific Malaria Program has made strong early progress in
contributing to reduced malaria incidence, with a 38 per cent decline
in malaria parasite incidence in 2008.
In the law and justice sector the capacity of government legal
offices to manage an increasing caseload has improved. The Vanuatu
Police Force Capacity Building Project made strong progress in
supporting workplace renewal and infrastructure improvements.
A significant milestone was the passing by the Vanuatu Parliament
of the Family Protection Act, providing women and children with
strengthened protection from domestic violence. Australia has also
supported comprehensive research into the incidence of domestic
violence in Vanuatu.
Useful websites
Key Documents
Last reviewed:
27 October, 2009--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pacific Islanders' gaps & needsattention of Julia Gillard
November 13, 2009
Dear Julia, It is Anne from the Pacific Islanders Strengthening
Supporting & Mentoring Network (PISSAM). I am so happy to say a
fraction of what PISSAM Network on this Educational and knowledgeable
site SET UP BY the Federal GOVERNMENT. A tremendous way of connecting our concerns, issues, needs and
gaps to you Julia and THE GOVERNMENT AND vice Versa WHICH IS THE AIM OF THIS SITE.
Thanks for this opportunity:
PISSAM’S PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER AND THE Director FOR THE
NETWORK focuses her research with a focus on Pacific Islanders' education and a
long reflective on the past, present and a future hoping and urging a serious
lift in the quality of bi-cultural Pacific Islanders' education and more support after school to
support slow learners, special needs, disadvantage Pacific Islanders children
and others to catch up on what they have missed out at home in class at school, in the community due to various
factors that take them to truancy, under-performing and crimes.
It is showing a significant increase in school attendance
across Canterbury, Lidcombe, Ashfield, Auburn and beyond for Pacific Islanders' children
from the
Pacific Islanders communities, including one of Pacific islanders
Australia's
most troubled areas where Pacific Islanders PISSAM members are there to support those
schools with special need children. e.g. Trinity College. She is
looking to an American school model championed by President
Barack Obama for part of Pacific Islanders' Australia's education
solution.
CANTERBURY HARMONY GROUP
INCORPORATED IN partnership with C.A.P.S., Medi-Link Counselling, Hina Funeral Services, St Mary's House, PISSAM auspice by Riverwood Community Centre running
programs developed as early intervention program to prevent and promotes the safety and well-being of children,
young Pacific Islander people and their families and communities across
CANTERBURY, BANKSTOWN, HURSTVILLE, MARRICKVILLE, PETERSHAM, Ashfield,
Granville, Auburn Parramatta the 10
sister CITIES to build concrete families and communities, also
to protect children and young people from risk of harm and to detect any
warning signs and to provide care for children and young people who are less
fortunate through family crisis, beyond their control that they become young offenders, homeless, unemployed
and they can’t be able to live with their families.
WoWorking in Partnership with grassroots specialists, Social
workers,
Facilitators, counselors our other professionals partners
as shown in our service partnership diagram to form a working relationship closely
to develop strategies to help boys and girls and their families cope with their
situation and will eventually achieve their potential. Our other concern is our
elderly that have no families and friends for a 24 hrs service for them to
contact and we will contact them every second day to check if they are ok. We believe that local services will be more
appropriate to our local need. We also
believe that cultural appropriate services will deal with problems of each
community to deliver results. There will
be so much done with authority and other organizations sharing information’s on
the understanding of the different cultures and traditions to execute our goals
and aims of our purposes. It reminded us the two
political leaders Kim Beazley and Cheryl Kernot commended on students from TRINITY CATHOLIC COLLEGE,
AUBURN, which is another sister, city to CANTERBURY AND BANKSTOWN for their
positive contribution to Aboriginal reconciliation and multiculturalism in
l997. Now our Federal Government headed by Kevin Rudd is Saying Sorry to our
Stolen Generation 12/02/2008.
But on the 3/32009
|
Three Pacific Islanders teenagers inflicted seven minutes of terror that
could have ended in death at a western Sydney high school yesterday. (Trinity Catholic College Auburn.
The boys, two aged 15 and one 17, have pleaded guilty today to
rampaging through Trinity Catholic College at Auburn armed with a
machete and a tomahawk before classes began yesterday morning.
The school was put in lockdown as the teenagers smashed windows and
ransacked the canteen, causing about $30,000 worth of damage.
In Parramatta Children's Court today, the prosecutor described the
incident as an "appalling spree of terror", where the boys ran through
the school swapping weapons.
She said the seven-minute rampage could have been fatal if police had not arrived so quickly and arrested the boys.
The prosecutor said the boys went to the school "in search of an unknown male in relation to issues of a female". |
As an ambitious attempt to take the Pacific Islanders
indigenous education debate to the highest level, as governments struggle to
improve the most basic outcomes of literacy and numeracy.
The huge challenge of providing a quality education for
Pacific Islanders indigenous children in mainstream, while at the same time
trying to preserve a dying Pacific Islanders indigenous while western culture
is taking over Pacific Islanders Children where parents are still clinging on
to Pacific Islanders culture. These prove impacts on the children and young people growing up in Australia.
Well, the challenge is for Pacific Islanders' Australian
children to live in two worlds - their old world that they bring from the South
Pacific and the mainstream global world of Australia introduce to them in
Australia, and enjoy the best of both. Not forgetting to educate and focus on the parents to participate in the general community activities so a more understanding on how to handle and prepare their children at home, school, sport-ground and in the community.,
Growing up in Australia, they are
enjoying the best of both in complicated situations. Not knowing if they are
coming or going.
In fact, our Pacific Islanders in Australia is one of
eventual cultural disadvantages, and in her view, if we are to avoid that fate
we have to fix education up in all levels and the whole spectrum of our lives and marry them up with other issues in the whole community.
A Change to
better education in various levels. To discover all hidden
issues at home, playground, classrooms, sport grounds and the community. Good Education
in all levels will take Pacific Islanders to equality in any level in Society. Education will
bring understanding the values of both world and Education will be the path to
glory.
Education is the fundamental challenge, so that we can
secure a future for Pacific Islanders' children where they are able to enjoy the
fruits of participating in the Australian mainstream whilst keeping their
culture, heritage and their traditional languages.
Still us Pacific Islanders must prepare to work hard on action and willing to move to the next level to suit the needs of their children and be united and not to alienate.
Us Pacific Islanders should ask ourselves this question? What are the values that have shaped this vast land into the great nation
that it has become? There are three – courage, resilience and
compassion. Courage, knowing the dangers that lie ahead on the road, but
defying those dangers and taking the decision to proceed. Resilience, when the
road becomes hard and the comforts scarce, staying the course until the
journey’s end. Compassion, when we extend an outstretched hand to those who
fall by the road, who stumble or who are injured, and to help see them through
as seeing them through is seeing all of us through. Mateship, a fair go, a fair
go for all.
These great values have enlivened Australia more than a century.
They have shaped our past, the present, and they secure our
future. They are part of our nation’s moral compass, they are part of our
nation’s moral purpose. We see these great values etched deep in our pioneers,
in all Australian, in those who have championed in everything they do to make Australia to where it is today.
those who forged the spirit of fighting in any war to bring peace to the world.. Courage, resilience and compassion.
We see them at work across our nation today. The army of volunteers who
literally are the lifeblood of every local community across our nation. Those
who care for the sick and for the dying, without commendation, without public
recognition, but because it is the right, humane and human thing to do. And
those who we see today working so hard to make a difference to those in need, still proudly with a smile. The amazing story of so many god send that give a smile to someone who is in need of a friend. And again courage, resilience and compassion should be in every Pacific islanders children, young and all Pacific islanders to take us there now and not later.
Values that have shaped our past that here we are enjoying to day. Yesterday is history, we reflect and move on, Today we appreciate our gifts and we take action with every opportunity coming our way, and we take the challenge, Tomorrow is a mystery but what good we have done today will be acknowledged in the future and what mistakes and war we went through will be corrected, shaped and will be an end. Still we are Lucky we are here today and let us united to bring peace and harmony to our children, friends and the community everyday. So we can share the goodness of our world with Society while we can.
Let us enjoy the present,
values that will secure our future. Values on which we will now need to draw
deeply as we confront the great challenges of the year that lies ahead, replete
with its uncertainties. Challenges from crises beyond our our country.
This great Crime scene crisis is not of Australia’s making, but as
Australians we are left to deal with it. And deal with it we will. The causes
of this crisis are coming to haunt us and it will get worse if we ignore these issues. It is complex and real. We must find solutions to fix them. They are our problems right here. But ultimately they go to a set of values that are
the very antithesis of our own. Values of unrestrained parents right at home, friends at school, greed, selfishness, copy cat, gangs and they are encouraged by an
ideology of unfettered not disciplining our children and complete ignorance on not providing simple duty of care. Nothing of courage and certainly nothing of
concern or compassion for others, or the consequences of our own actions. So the three levels of government cannot ignore but let us stood on concrete ground and work on solutions to fix them.
But now we face the living consequences here at home of this unrestrained
greed everywhere where authorities and others enjoy the power up there and forget about the needs of the vulnerability and the needy people. And those consequences are statistics, concrete evidence and they become
the lives of offenders and they become just like normal lives to them. These will be affected not only themselves, their families, their friends and the whole community including the three levels of Government. They affected the hard working families of working Australians across our
nation. The innocents, that are by standers and go to help someone and get killed and the lists goes on and on. As the year unfolds, most
points in between as the rising tide of unemployment, the growing drug addictions, the killings, the re offenders, the homelessness, the child abuses, the gambling and many more. with up to date Pacific Islanders crimes growing and growing to be the worst committed crimes in Australia according to our minority numbers, alarmingly but not to ignore. As towards the end of year 2009 year here are the concrete evidence:.
Our challenge (PISSAM NETWORK) as a SPECIALIST GRASSROOTS NETWORK is to steer Pacific Islanders through. It will be hard.
There will be setbacks. But of this PISSAM IS absolutely persuaded, that empowered by
the values of our Pacific Islanders tradition in the past, and guided by the Strength, reassesses our weaknesses as it set Strategic Plan and policy we have set and supported by a
community engaged by the needs of our Pacific Islander communities, neighbours, friends and the whole community as we will prevail. As Pacific Islanders specialists in many levels, a Pacific Islanders Australian,
we will come through this crisis. We will come through this crisis more
resilient than we were even before. But PISSAM strongly believe in action is much louder and stronger that just our words. And with the support of the 3 levels of government.
Courage, resilience, compassion. Three great values that anchored in the
realisation of a fourth, and that is that we are all in this together. We are
all in this together. Children, parents, schools, the community and the 3 levels of government. Those Pacific Islanders who have come to this starting in the early sixty ago, those who are welcomed into the nation’s family today. Indigenous
Australians, non-Indigenous Australians. We are all in this together.
She believes that we have failed in that challenge so far,
there are only isolated examples of truly bi cultural Pacific Islanders people
who succeed in both worlds, and in her view we have to turn these isolated
examples into a kind of general result for the ordinary Pacific Islanders
children. She says that education is riven with ideological debate, more than
any other policy area, a key battleground between left and right, and everywhere saying that
ideological debate has retarded or confused the issue of education, the kind of
ideal education you are talking about, for Pacific Islanders Indigenous
Australians? She says she has spent her entire life and many years in education
in the South Pacific, New Zealand, Australia and abroad from ground level up to
the directorship level just sitting on the ridges of education policy and the
whole spectrum of Education generally, Pacific Islanders indigenous education
and mainstream education policy, and she has observed these debates over the
past decade.
And for example, the idea that education for Pacific
Islanders children and people should be culturally appropriate - now the
problem with that concept, she soon came to discover, was that culturally
appropriate education seemed to suggest that a special need Pacific Islanders' child
shouldn’t go to University because the school with a teacher’s decision based
on her observation have decided that they will never be able to get there. For
example, because the school (teacher) in their decision that some students
capabilities will not get there period, which is an insult.
In her view that University can be
achieved if not now in a later stage. University may not be culturally
appropriate in their eyes at the time. These decisions discourages the
student concerns and the parents. But in a later stage there will be a
turn around,
let's leave that decision for the student it may concern. There could
be a
hidden reason why the student concern did not perform to the level the
school
wanted. She says that an early intervention on these issues can be
prevented by more support from PISSAM PROGRAM.
She says she can see that, while
a Pacific Islander child cannot catch up with the mainstream because of his
disadvantages that is why we run homework after-school from 5pm to 9pm. From 2
year old, primary students can leave early as soon as their problems are
solved. The school writes on their Diary what help a child will be given BY the PISSAM's facilitators.
In this way
the child is catching up SLOWLY BUT SURELY and it will encourage them to keep on persevering to
fulfill his dream to go to University or even via TAFE.
She has witnessed that
some of the uncontrollable children 2, 3, 4 and five years old has attended
homework classes and their parents are so moved by the attention and focus of
these children. One 15 year old boy could not believe that his 3 year old
brother who damages everything and wants attention at home sits still and never
have enough time to enjoy more of the homework classes.
It is amazing
and rewarding for the facilitators to have such outstanding results.
In Kalo’s view, some of this poor thinking that had
developed in education philosophy and in education policy had to be critically
analyses and a lot of it abandoned because cultural appropriateness eventually
came to be quite an anti-intellectual and socially confining concept for
Pacific Islanders children and parents.
No parents not wanted the best for their children, but sometimes the
complicated
misdiagnose and misunderstanding of Pacific Islander’s children,
parents with teachers
can be a huge problem and if not prevented it will cause more problems
TO THE CHILDREN AND PARENTS. THE BLAMING GAME!!! The child blames the
parent and vice versa or they both blame themselves or they blame
someone else.
She strongly believes that we should be producing Pacific
Islanders children who may choose to be experts in various fields like
Education literature, or in classical music, Sports teachers, doctors, lawyers,
and the list goes on. You know, the Pacific Islanders children have an
entitlement to the best of the world's culture, and at the same time they can
keep their own culture and languages as well and transmitted to their friends, new
generations, and also an equal commitment to what we call united.
That is:
music, drama, art, culture, values, and sport, at a very high level. We want to
also fill the gaps the middle class advantage that our kids miss out on, and
that is what the experts call concerted cultivation by the parents, afterhours
cultivation by the parents, children, facilitators and service providers’ Pacific
Islanders to Pacific Islanders will be a DREAM COMES TRUE . But in order for us to do
that, we'll need an afternoon with facilitators, children, and parents once a
week to start off with and if it needed more days and we will accommodate those
needs. So our proposal proposes to start the program at 5 and finish at nine. She
is hoping to have a very productive meeting with the Premier Nathan Rees,
Robert Furolo, Linda Burney, Tony Burke, Daryl Melham and other ministers where
Pacific Islanders are mostly resided and various locations where support are
most needed. Also with the Education, Immigration, Foreign Affairs and the
Attorney General Department to work on the solution.
She says that the Network has been running and ready for
support from the 3 levels of government. It could never propose something like
this, but it is a must and the whole spectrum of the whole community is set to
go. The 3 levels of government are aware of the many issues of Pacific
Islanders and until they work with the PISSAM to fix up some of the basic
parameters that are necessary before we can fix what we call the supply side of
education, the teaching supply side of education.
Before she could propose
anything credible in the teaching supply space, we had to fix up the learning
demand aspect. That is, you need the children in school, identify their problem
and we work on the improvement, and give all the help they need, in the
classroom by the teacher, and what extra support a child need will be given by
the PISSAM PROGRAM.
The proposition that she have put up, to the 2 levels of
Government and to the Federal Government is one for a structure in and out of
classroom that combines both the worlds that you talk about. The whole spectrum
of the community, from raising a newly born baby, kindergarten, primary,
secondly, tertiary and up to getting a job and starting a family.
Now what is the basis of that format? Canterbury and beyond, which combined an
unrelenting emphasis on Western education, as well as that which will be united
as class levels, but as well as that a complementary learning domain in
culture, that enables traditional languages to be learned.
JULIA, not
forgetting that the Pacific Islanders Community is an emerging
community (MINORITY) and it
needed powerful strong community development ON EDUCATING THE PACIFIC
ISLANDERS ON ALL LEVELS OF THE COMMUNITY FROM EDUCATION TO: HEALTH, AGE
CARE, MENTAL HEALTH, HUMAN RIGHTS, WELFARE, HOUSING, RECREATION, AND
NOT FORGETTING PARTICIPATION IN ALL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND
VOLUNTEERING.
She sees is an opportunity for The Federal Ministers, State
Ministers, Foreign Affairs let us united and sit down and see PISSAM proposal
to THE 3 LEVES of the governments to develop an educational approach for kindergarten,
primary school, secondly school children in discreet Pacific Islanders communities across
Canterbury, Inner West and beyond.
So school attendance has been the first part of our focus
over the past 3 years, and particularly in these recent years we have now got
welfare reforms in place that are seeing increased school attendance and, you
know, it was never going to be possible for parents and the community to turn around and ask what kind
of education is this school providing, when we didn't even have the kid in the
classroom in the first place.
The Pacific Islanders' parents not sending their children to school
when there is a death in the family and the child will be off for weeks or the
child just did not like going to school or the parents just don’t feel like
getting up to dress their child and the lists will go on and on. We have to fix
up the school attendance, the parents readiness, the children readiness, the
school readiness, the authorities readiness and PISSAM's readiness, and welfare reform was required for
that.
Kalo says that the models in the United States could appropriately be
adapted to Australia? What can we learn from other systems in other
countries?
Well the model that we are looking at is what Barack Obama calls the
"No
Excuses Schools". It will be so good with Pacific Islanders because
they
are so use to being so relax back in the Pacific. Time in the Pacific
Islands does not really means any difference. You have an appointment
with a Pacific
Islander for 8 a.m. will end up 11am or much later for some.
These are a set of
public schools, private schools and charter schools that have a philosophy of
no excuses. They believe that cultural background, socioeconomic disadvantage,
poverty, these are not educational destiny, they do not prescribe a destiny.
Rather, a school can transcend those circumstances and the
philosophy that these schools push is that schools should be the point of
transformation. It should lift children out of their socioeconomic
disadvantage, and provide for them a prospect that they would otherwise not have,
that their parents never had.
And the challenge for public education for Pacific Islanders'
Australians, and might say, for
lower-class Australians generally - the challenge is for Australian governments
to get serious about creating no excuses schools, that is, schools that never
surrender to the idea that socioeconomic disadvantage is destiny.
PISSAM HAVE COME UP WITH SOME RECOMMENDATIONS:
Recommendation 1
The Government, through the Ministry of Education, should ensure
that future national human resource development needs are being met through an
allocation of scholarships to meet the forecast needs of Pacific Islanders’
students who will be entering University to be teachers (in both the Government
service and the private sector), as demonstrated in the training needs
analysis.
Recommendation 2
The Government through the Ministry of Education should
ensure that education of Pacific Islanders is supported as a lifelong process,
and that systems allow for second chance for special needs and slow learners
and continuing education and training, by establishing a national strategy for
lifelong learning, including: programs for the promotion of good health,
physical fitness and sports, community social and Development, inclusion,
participation in partnership with PISSAM program and its specialist working
partners.
• daily, weekly, monthly and annual programs for children,
youths, parents support, opportunities for re-entry to formal schooling by
adults and early leavers, support for non-formal educational opportunities, and
an adult literacy program; and
• supporting the return to formal learning through the
Catholic University preliminary and foundation courses and with other education
providers.
Recommendation 3
The Government through the Ministry of Education should
ensure that education is supported as a lifelong process by:
• exploring opportunities to develop life and work skill
modules that can be undertaken in homes and using radio and distance learning
methods, combined with local mentoring support; and
• actively supporting, promoting and expanding existing
short-term training, and providing community and continuing education
opportunities, including attachments and short courses outside Australia extended
as volunteers for Student teachers to go to their Island homes to gain
knowledge of grassroots values, understanding of teaching and learning and vice
versa with teachers coming from the Island home on a scholarship form for 2
years funded by Aussie Aid. Reform of Education Administration.
Recommendation
4
The Ministry of Education should develop a national
Strategic Plan for Education (based on the document accompanying this Report)
which:• bears a clear relationship to the National Strategic Development Plan
and the current Government reform exercise;• sets out goals and objectives for
education in schools where they identifies slow learners as Pacific Islanders.•
aims to increase effectiveness and efficiency to support those PI identified
and can work with PISSAM after hours in the PISSAM homework support program •
plans for progressive improvements to the education system over the minimum
term: medium term; high need term.
• allows the Ministry of Education to undertake
responsibility for policy oversight of the whole education system through the
development of national guidelines and the Pacific Islanders’ expert on
Education to be part of that program.
• fosters improved networks and partnerships between the Government
and Non-Government sectors; with the School, children and parents of Pacific
Islanders’ representatives like the PISSAM and others
• considers where devolution of more responsibility to
schools and their communities would be in the national interest, and how any appropriate
changes might be managed progressively over time;
• reviews the current national network of schooling
provision; and
• moves progressively to reform the national distribution of
funds for education where such reform is in the national interest. Pacific
Islanders Bodies who runs programs must be those in their Capacity as qualified
professional’s specialists and are members of a professional body. Other supporters like University Students will
be supervised by them. The past, current
professionals working with the future professional which are our Pacific Islander’s
University Students are priorities not
to take lightly by the government to carry on the ongoing work are welcome by
PISSAM as partners.
Recommendation 5
The Ministry of Education should consider restructuring the
administration and management of the Ministry in order to strengthen its policy
development role, its administrative structure, and its capacity to deliver
education more effectively. PISSAM is happy to contribute in putting forward
issues facing the Pacific Islanders students which are real and it will help Pacific
Islanders students to a whole new level, with her current research will help identifies
the needs, gaps facing Pacific Islanders problems at schools.
Recommendation 6
The Ministry of Education should develop a National
Strategic Plan for school property development and investment as part of the
overall Strategic Plan for Education in school where they identifies slow
learners and extreme hardship in the families where students are not
progressing due to the consequences they face at home.
Recommendation 7
The Government through the Ministry of Education should
review the Education Act., and amend it if necessary, in order to take into account
any changes adopted by Government that arise from issues the Education Sector
Study and the development of the Strategic Plan for Education when it comes
that the Act no longer viable and relevant and to make sense according to the
needs of the Pacific Islanders students which contributed to their special
needs.
Recommendation 8
Education Assistance Program
Recommendation 9
The Government Development, in consultation with the other
external funding bodies, should consider making a commitment to a co-ordinated
program of support (an Education Assistance Program) over the next five years (from
2010 onwards in order to support the directions finally adopted by the
Government with the PISSAM Proposal and its Strategic Plan for Education to
assure that the program will take to the highest level;
Example Insurance
Recommendation:
Investigation to community radio programs. Are their programs to benefit the community
or not. There were problems with
Bankstown Community Radio. What happen the local Bankstown communities were not
happy with too many Pacific Islanders’ overcrowded programs and overpowering the
radio station and their purpose for their community was no longer a priority
for children, parents and the community?
The local communities were concerned and it end up off from airing. The
communities voice their concern over mismanagement and other agendas. We
definitely needed a radio station so we can communicate with students and
parents on general issues that are identified as gaps on education, health,
community awareness, legal support and others.
Pacific Islanders love listening to the radio, it is like a form of a
must to all Pacific Islanders to listen to radio programs especially if they
are learning from education tools.
SPECIAL Recommendation on a Radio 2 hour program for community
awareness in Educational program with Preference on ABC for
geographical and
demographic reason so every Pacific Islanders in all states will tune
in.Kalo Sikimeti (Tongan) PhD Principal
Researcher/Executive Officer PISSAM program/principal tutor and PISSAM
Chief Editor
and Radio program Director: Assistant:Elisapeta
Lolesio (Tongan)
Education assistant editor
Auspice body Greta Vallance: The General Manager
Riverwood Community Centre (Community Editor/Government and Non government
Editor
CHGI editor local Canterbury Council News and the
Chair for Multicultural Advisory Committee Canterbury Council and Chairperson
for CHGI The Deputy Mayor Councillor Karl Saleh
Pacific Islanders, Multicultural and General Community Consultant, Grief Counsellor
and Community Editor Anne Latu secretary/co-ordinator for Canterbury Harmony
Group incorporated and the Co-ordinator for PISSAM Program, counsellor,
interpreter, mortician, tutor, delegate
and a member of many community councils representing Pacific Islanders across
Canterbury and beyond, emerging and general community. Community Editor (assistant Sela Mahe)
Director of Nursing Ramona Johansson/Age
care and Disability Editor (Assistant Loretta Mahe)
Mental Health Editor: Mohini Prasad
(Service Provider)/Mental health & general Counselling Editor (assistant Anne Sikimeti Latu)
Dr Patu/Medical
Editor Assistant (Minerva Patu)
Legal/Registered
Nurse/Principal solicitor: Ate Hifo I
Leva Manufekai legal Editor (Assistant Regan Buckland)
Finance: John Valu Sikimeti CPA Finance Editor/Assistants
Ofisiola Fotofili/Tae Malia Langi
Taxation
editor Pelenatita Mafi (Assistant Alana Haangana)
Sea & Sea Captain Editor Vili Ha'angana
Sport and
Fitness Health:David Swann (PISSAM sport Manager) sport editor assistant Hala
Langi
Youth Editor; Manager Alana Haangana, the 7 Universities
students are editors with their youth programs and once graduated and
registered in their capacity and belong to that body they can be editors on
their own field.
Assistant
Editors: Student Sydney University) Regan Buckland (Education Catholic
University) Amanda Sikimeti-Kami B. Bus. B. of Social Work Student (Catholic
University.
Our Services and our
priorities is to make it easier to deal with the local, State and the
Australian Government, agencies, Service providers, Communities, Professionals,
children and their families are our aims and goals to support those in needs of
our service.
PISSAM working partners:
These are some of PACIFIC ISLANDERS CONCERN to be addressed.
IMPLICATIONS OF MAJOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
Gentrification of the Canterbury Local Government area has
had an impact on the financially disadvantaged and homeless. The gentrification
has come about by the recognition that Canterbury has become a premier tourist
destination and real estate price values have climbed dramatically in the past
few years which has led to the relocation of many of the long term residents
such as low income Pacific Islanders, single parents, students, unemployment,
emerging communities and retirees.
Another factor is the decentralization of the city homeless
arriving in Canterbury and the Inner west because it is cheap and cheap
outlets, like Campsie, Lakemba, sister city Bankstown, the Bulldogs and people
are looking for a better quality of life. This in turn has led to an increase
in general Counselling for welfare, financial and drug and alcohol related
problems.
A decrease in the lack of
affordable housing exacerbated the increase in homelessness, domestic violence,
truancy, gangs and youth suicide and child abuse. As a Community Centre it is
possible to identify and monitor the social trends and the subsequent gaps in
service delivery. The Pacific Islanders community, emerging community’s
services policy and guidelines have had to adapt and modify services and
community development initiatives in order to build and empower the local
community.
The Centre through a community-based volunteer Management Committee
has worked constantly to resources the changing community needs and is
recognise as community agencies that identify and highlight community needs.
It should be noted that the Pacific Islanders Community
Network/Centre should be housed in a centrally located heritage building, close
by the train station where the children, youths and their families can easily
reach in time of need. On fully running of this project the Network/Centre will
see an increase of residents, tourists and transients will be using it. We will see a much happier and contented
community.
The Network/Centre will continue to offer a focal point and
meeting place for the Pacific Islander Community as stated in the mission
statement. Non-government organisations are more of a practical nature and are
able to forge stronger links with the community especially providing 24 hrs
services.
We encourage healthy & just and fair lifestyle: and have
a program of activities to encourage health, social and well-being at work.
Sadly & Alarmingly and since the Pacific Islanders settlement from
New Zealand she believes we have finally concluded that this great challenge
transcends ideology – to what government support and what services we will
deliver to take Pacific Islanders forward.
Mt Druitt police report the youth crimes in the area.
Pacific Islanders Aggravated Robbery, Armed with intent,
Assault, Traffic and Property theft.
13%: Aboriginal 02% Torres Strait Islanders
Custodial sentences Assault
2006
2007 2008
52%
57% 50% Caucasians
9%
13% 21% Pacific
Islanders
25%
18% 21% Aboriginal
Robbery
2006
2007
2008
27% 0% Caucasians
9%
50%
Pacific Islanders
64%
50%
Aboriginal
Statistics from Juvenile Justice:
Total Pacific Islander in Custody – 60 young persons
Total Pacific Islander in the Community awaiting sentencing
– 137 young persons
In 2006 13 Adult offenders
In 2007 55 Adult offenders
In 2008 60 Adult offenders
In 2009 162 Adult offenders and the year is not yet ended.
>>>>>>>>>
Adults’ Pacific islanders’ men and women offenders in
Australia in 2009 are predicted to be 3 times as it is in 2008. It is alarming
and something has to be done urgently now and not later.
POPULATION TRENDS IN THE CANTERBURY LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA (153
Voices) across Canterbury
Total Persons: 129, 96 Total
Males: 69, 567
Total females: 60,985
OSB as % of total population 46.9
Indigenous Origin (Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
origin) 745
Pacific Islanders including New Zealand Maoris are about 2.
% across Canterbury but we commit more crimes in the area more than any
other community in the area. Similar to NSW, VICTORIA & OLD as
shown in the statistic evidence as above.
CONCLUSION
The non-profit non-government organisations as Pacific
Islanders Strengthening Advocating Network is auspice body Riverwood Community
Centre with the Management Committee has a lot to offer in regards to service
delivery. It is truly a community organisation working for the community
responding to the needs of the Pacific Islanders Community and emerging
Community and the whole Community in which it is a part of life of the Pacific
Islanders Community, multicultural and the whole community.
This type of organisations is in danger of being overrun by
charitable or religious organisations by the enormous amount of administrative
tasks it is expected to do by some of the funding bodies, which will limit the
time it has to devote to service delivery.
This type of organisation is at a disadvantage because of
the benefits afforded charitable and religious organisations which, it is
unable to acquire. The Pacific islanders should have their own community
outside their Pacific Islanders church. It gave them freedom, for e.g. for
Catholics they have to attend their local parish and put their donations there
instead of giving it to their Pacific Islanders Priests who do not support the
Pacific Islanders but expect money to be donated by the Pacific Islanders
people. They do not have to donate big like what their Pacific Islanders Church
leaders expected from them. These changes will be welcome by all the children,
parents and the people of the Pacific will be happy and will move forward.
Prepared by Anne Latu Coordinator of the PISSAM
PROGRAM/NETWORK with the direction & Drafted by the CEO of PISSAM Network,
Catholic University on investigating performances of Pacific Islanders'
Children in the Catholic Schools systems and Public Schools Systems
COLLABORATING WITH CATHOLIC SCHOOLS, PARENTS, CHILDREN, GRASSROOTS
PROFESSIONALS, UNIVERSITY STUDENTS & THE COMMUNITY IN DEVELOPING THREE
PILOT PROGRAMS.
This covers the whole spectrum of the community with:
PISSAM’S
PRINCIPAL RESEARCHER, KALO: In addition to her professional
background as a teacher, educator, principal, director of Education, counsellor,
musician, artist, pianist, interpreter, translator, counsellor, social worker
and ex Mercy leader in collaborating the different programs of the PISSAM
Network. KALO a PhD: Researcher, She hold a Master of Education, MA (Catholic
University) a member of the Australian College of Educators, MACE, BA, Dip Ed.
Dip Theology, Dip in Music USP, Dip Counselling (England) She also has
extensive Leadership Training & Roles in Community Management & Development training in
Australia and abroad. Her expertise on EDUCATION, HAS TAKEN HER FROM Tonga to
New Zealand, Fiji, Niue, Samoa, Europe, America and Australia. Research bases at (St Joachim Primary School
Lidcombe & Holy Spirit College Lakemba)
PISSAM Network (Pacific Islanders Strengthening Supporting Advocating & Mentoring Network (Across Canterbury & Beyond)
Posted by Anne Sikimeti Latu
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Partnership in Services, funding, aid and Pacific Islands development
The Advocacy Program targets the main areas of difficulties for people
In Samoa, Tonga when tsunami hit these island nation which killed hundreds and left destitute to people of the affected areas. These areas, identified in consultation with
the people of Samoa and Tonga whose relatives were lost and the survivors who are left with nothing to start with. They are desperately in need of a new beginning in building::
The main achievements to date have been to contribute training and
resources to the Human Rights project, dialogue with the electoral
commission and the Ministry of Education, and training in systems
advocacy.